Citrulline Review

Citrulline is one of the three dietary amino acids in the urea cycle, alongside L-arginine and L-Ornithine. In the kidneys, Citrulline is turned into L-arginine and serves to be a more effective method in increasing L-arginine levels rather than L-arginine supplementation. Citrulline has been a popular supplement to support sports performance as well as cardiovascular health. This is because Citrulline supplementation has been shown to reduce fatigue and improve endurance for both aerobic and anaerobic prolonged exercises. However, there is not enough evidence to support the clain that Citrulline could also improve power output during exercise. On the other hand, Citrulline has been found to alleviate erectile dysfunction caused by high blood pressure. It is also known as L-Citrulline, Stimol Brand Name, Watermelon extract.
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Benefits and Effectiveness

• Blood Glucose - Neutral ^[1]
• Blood Pressure - Decrease ^[2]
• Fatigue - Decrease ^[3]
• Growth Hormone - Increased ^[4]
• Heart Rate - Neutral ^[5]
• IGF-1 (aka Insulin-like growth factor-1) - Neutral ^[6]
• Muscle Protein Synthesis - Neutral ^[7]

What is Citrulline?

L-Citrulline is a compound that is abundantly found in watermelons. It has a chemical composition of H2NC(O)NH(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H; a basic amino acid which the body utilizes in order to form proteins. This compound has the ability to increase blood flow towards the brain since it transforms into several other key aminos when consumed. In addition to this, L-Citrulline can enhance your energy levels and relieves the symptoms of stress and fatigue. It is known to be beneficial for patients who are suffering from various conditions like Alzheimers disease and erectile dysfunction. Although L-Citrulline is known to cause few negative effects, its by product called L-Arginine exhibits some potential risks, which will be discussed further below.

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What are the effects of Citrulline?

Citrulline becomes the pre-cursor to L-Arginine after it is consumed. Citrulline is a compound that is very popular because of it effects in heart health and enhancing blood circulation. It reduces blood pressure by removing any blockages and dilating the blood vessels. Aside from increasing blood circulation, Citrulline also increases the levels of growth hormone in the body. Its effects on enhancing circulation provides numerous benefits to the body, this includes faster wound healing, sexual health, relieving pain and inflammation.

Additionally, Citrulline gets converted into nitric acid, which is a compound that can further increase the blood flow through your vessels. Increase in blood circulation in the brain could bring many beneficial effects, one of the best example is memory enhancement. It can also help the brain to gain healthy function since it increases the delivery of blood and nutrients to neural tissue, enhancing the growth of neural structures such as neurons and synapses. The mechanism of action of Citrulline has some similarities with Vinpocetine, an extract from the lesser periwinkle plant that also functions to improve neural circulation.

Physiological role of Citrulline

Citrulline is a compound that primarily bolsters nitric oxide-dependent signaling, however, it also provides various physiological effects. Citrulline is manufactured by various other amino acids in the liver. Also, it was known to be an important component of the urea cycle, which is the cycle that facilitates the removal of ammonia and some nitrogenous toxins (majority of them takes place in the liver of mammals) from the blood stream. Nitrogen metabolites are accumulated through absorption, digestion, and metabolism of proteins. Therefore, nitrogen metabolism is crucial for those individuals who consume a lot of protein like health enthusiasts and body builders.

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Administration of Citrulline via oral route has been observed to increase the concentration of plasma arginine, that lead to production of arginine-derived metabolites such as creatinine, ornithine, nitrite, and many more. Citrulline functions well with aspartic acid, citric acid, and magnesium in enhancing the secretion of nitrogen metabolite.

According to some studies, supplementation of the mineral Zinc could help enhance the conversion of Citrulline to Arginine in the liver and lowers the levels of ammonia in the blood. In cases that are exceptionally rare, a disorder called citrullinemia may develop. This disorder can occur following a deficiency of the enzyme needed to catalyze the (citrulline-aginine) reaction of the urea cycle.

Furthermore, since Vitamin B-6 (pyridoxine) stimulates the activity of transaminases, which are enzymes that converts an amino acid into a different amino acid, in the urea cycle, it is of great help to take it as a supplement in order to treat abnormalities of the liver. With that being said, such clinical conditions should always be reported to a personal care physician or a qualified medical practitioner.

What benefits does Citrulline provide?

Citrullin can help increase a person’s resistance to illnesses and injury since it has the ability to enhance blood circulation and increases the production of growth hormones. This supplement improves the overall activity of the body’s immune system. It is known to speed up the recovery of wounds like surgeries and cuts, as well as enhancing bone strength.

Citrulline is an excellent remedy for hypertension. In terms of males’ sexual health, this compound is known to provide similar effects of the prescription drug Viagra. Increased blood circulation in the brain could result to many health benefits such as sharper thought and clearer mind. Citrulline likewise enhances a person’s ability to recall information in both short and long periods of time. Experts claim that Citrulline could be beneficial for those individuals who have Parkinson’s Disease since it helps humans achieve a higher capacity of mental control.

How much should you need to take?

Since this supplement is not being widely used by the general population, there are few published documents regarding its appropriate dosage. Some users reported that a dosage between 2 grams to 15 grams of Citrulline a day appears to be effective. For the purpose of losing weight, a dose of about 6 grams was reported to be beneficial. Since Citrulline could enhance metabolism following heavy exercise, it appears in the markets even more frequently than holistic cognitive enhancers. On the off chance that you would like to try this supplement but unsure of its dosage, it is highly recommended that you begin at a lower dose (1 gram a day) and gradually increase it after you have become familiar with its effects.

What are the side effects of this supplement?

This supplement is known to be generally safe, and does not have any negative effects. However, it is recommended that you should not take this in combination with other prescription drugs for hypertension. Adding this supplement could result to life threatening conditions. Women who are pregnant and breast-feeding are advised not to take this supplement at all. Additionally, utilization of any drugs that enhances erectile function such as Cialis or Viagra should be avoided while administering Citrulline since this could lead to hypotension.

The amino acid that is synthesized from L-Citrulline called L-Arginine is known to have some negative effects when taken alone. Some users reported that taking high amount of arginine could lead to digestive issues such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. It can also provoke asthma attacks and increase a person’s allergic sensitivities.

References:

1. https://examine.com/supplements/citrulline/
2. http://www.peaktestosterone.com/Citrulline_Benefits.aspx
3. https://www.jackedfactory.com/citrulline-malate-pre-workout/
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrulline

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Citrulline Dosage

A suggested dose for Citrulline to support circulatory health or to alleviate erectile dysfunction would be 1,000 mg taken three times a day with meals. This means that the total daily dose would be 3, 000 mg. As for the purpose of enhancing sports performance, a dose of 6,000-8,000 mg of Citrulline

Side Effects

There has been no repoorted side effects yet related with the use of Cutrulline.

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